Development of Microprocessor Based Automatic Gate

using of Microprocessor Based Automatic GateABSTRACTIn this paper, we give enlarge information about development of microprocessor establish self-activating ingressway. In plebeian gate operations many ms troubles will occur, using microprocessor based self-loading gate, we butt completely remove these troubles easily. We are going to practice session this automatic gate in Automatic Car Parking. The automatic gate senses vehicle which they come near to it. It automatically opens, wait for a defined period, and closes after the time has attained. This body can also regularly apprehend the number of vehicle that entered the parking area and calculate the available infinite limit of the area. The automatic gate actual in this paper is flummoxled by software, which can be modified any time whe neer the organisation involve the change.Keywords automatic gate, microprocessor, automobile, traffic simplenesslers.INTRODUCTIONNeed of automatic gate is promptly increas ing day by day. This system described the use of microprocessor as a controller. This automatic gate is nothing but the alternative of manual(a) gate. Manual systems are costly, time consuming. Micro controlled gate are utilise in making sound system, Robot, automatic breaking system, etc.This automatic gate can be apply in parking of residential home, organization, in public car parking. This system consists of an automatic remote control to open and close the door for parking. It opens the door alone when the space is there.The automatic gate which is utilise here is not for security purpose. It is just developed to eliminate the problems which are faced by the older manual method. governing body OVERVIEWThe system presented here is microprocessor based automatic gate. Here microprocessor is used to control the sensor which gives the information about space limit. This system opens, wait and closes door for car. And counts the number of car entered or exit. This system consis ts of trigger overlap, sensor, CPU and computer storage module, display, gate and power supply social unit. First sensor gives input signal to system. The sensor is optical when the car cross it accordingly the signal is tall otherwise it is starting time. Trigger is responsible for the HIGH and LOW signals. This trigger coverts the analog signal to digital. If the signal is HIGH then trigger sends the signal to embrasure unit. Then the car enters the parking. If the signal is LOW then the car never enters to the parking area. mightiness supply unit supplies DC potency for system. embarrass diagram of systemHARDWARE AND SOFTWARE DESIGNThe system jut out is divided into two partsHardware bearing.Software role.Hardware use sensor unitTrigger circuitCPU module stock moduleDisplay unitGate control unitPower supply unit1. Sensor whole-It is an optical sensor this is the blithe dependent register. This will change its resistor with intensity of light. In this system we u se ORP12 it is called as dark resistance of 10. When light electron beam are cogitate then resistance is low and if lights are disturbed, resistance will start increasing to dark resistance. Two pair of opposer is used one for entrance gate and another for exit gate. Sensor unit send yield to trigger circuit. When light ray focused output voltage is v01 and v02. And when light is getting interrupted then the voltage increases to 5v.2. Trigger Circuit-This is made up of trigger, two input NAND gate. This receives the output from sensor unit. If there is output from sensor unit then solitary(prenominal) trigger circuit go HIGH, otherwise it remains at LOW level.3. CPU Module-This provides system clock, reset and access to address info and control bus. Additional circuits are used which areClock circuit. determine circuit.Clock circuit Crystal Oscillator is used to implement clock circuit. raptus oscillator is more reliable for the high level output voltage. In this design the CP U which is used, has a clock cycle. Thus we use crystal oscillator and is pass through flip flop.Reset Circuit After the power is supplied this circuit initializes CPU if Halt occurs. If the CPU is reset the execution starts. It will pee-pee the interrupt.4. Memory Module-In this module two techniques are used linear film and fully decoding technique. In linear assume each raciness select a device, can be through with(p) with small system. Doesnt need any decoding hardware, but it is time consuming. In fully decoding memory address is required to select memory device.Address De recruitr It tells about space in memory to allocate the address pointed by microprocessor. In this combinational circuits are used. It can enable multiple inputs. When all enables are active then only decoder has active low outputs.5. Display Unit-Display unit uses the denary and hexadecimal format for displaying purpose.Display unit consists of-Z80 PIO It provides 8-bit I/O port. It needs a driver to fed output to 7-segment display. Whenever a vehicle crosses the gate, this unit send signal to driver.BCD to 7 segment decoder For displaying decimal digit, decoder is used to take 4-bit BCD input.7-segment display6. Gate Control Unit-Gate control unit is made up of PNP and NPN transistordiodesMotor.Transistors are used to control opening of gate through motor. There is time interval of 10 seconds between opening and termination of gate.Diodes are used to protect transistor from reverse bias register to improve switch line.A DC Motor is used to control opening and closing of gate.7. Power Supply Unit-Power supply unit intentional is 5v DC and is doesnt change even if there is variation in AC voltage. Component of power supply unit is-Transformer 220 or 240 transformer.Diode converts AC current to DC.Filter Capacitor used to reduce peach voltage.Regulator it receives DC input, and return it as the outputSoftware designSoftware design is referred as the coding. Here we have to pr ogram the system. computer program modules areMain ProgramSensor occasionDelay SubroutineOutput SubroutineSteps involving in software design algorithmic ruleFlow ChartCodingAlgorithmSTART1. cnt1 = 0, cnt2 = 0, lim = 202. state the sensor bit3. Compare sensor bit with entry code and exit code.a. If sensor bit = entry code then goto musical note 5b. Elseif sensor bit = exit code then goto tint 64. Go to measuring rod 25.a. Open, wait and closeb. increment cnt1 and displayc. Go to step 76a.Open, wait and closeb. addition cnt2 and display7. Subtract cnt2 from cnt18. Compare result with lima. If result = lim then step 9b. Else go to step 29. Fetch sensor bit10. Compare sensor bita. If status = exit code then step6b. Else raise alarm11. Goto step 9.CONCLUSIONBy this system with the serve well of microcontroller gate projects goal is achieved. The design can be applicable for any kind of system which needs sensor. In this system sensor plays the important part to this parking syst em. For effectiveness one should have the proper knowledge about the sensor, microprocessor, and assembly language.The sensor works effectively if operates in high intensity of light. This automatic gate can be used in organization public car park etc. and this system dont make for any security purpose.